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New Jersey After the Storm

Elizabeth Gross - May 13th 2013


One of the great things about working at Mad*Pow is the volunteer benefit—employees can use 5 paid days per year for volunteer work. I used my days all at once recently, volunteering in Tom’s River, NJ for Hurricane Sandy recovery.

This was my 7th trip with ServCorps, a non-profit organization that travels to weather-ravaged areas to assist with rebuilding homes. Each trip has been a tremendous experience in terms of helping people put their homes and lives back together.  But this trip was different for me.  I used to live in Hoboken, I rented a summer house on the Jersey Shore with my college friends, and both my parents are from Jersey, too.  As a kid, even though my parents relocated to Massachusetts, we took our summer vacations on Long Beach Island.  The Jersey Shore was the coastline I grew up with, and I know what it looked like “before.”

So as we drove down the coast for the week’s work, I wasn’t sure what to expect.  I’d seen the pictures after Sandy retreated, I knew there was a lot of damage.  But 6 months later, it was still shocking to see houses completely destroyed—some lying on their sides, some with second floors ripped off, some with all the windows and doors blown off.  And that’s what was easily visible.  As we drove through coastal neighborhoods with homes appearing intact from the outside, it only took a closer look to see the interiors were totally empty—gutted, right down to the studs—done after the storm’s water receded and all that was left was mud and debris.

I was assigned to work in a modest home in a neighborhood in Tom’s River bordering Barnegat Bay.  Houses look out on the water, with canals in between.  It’s a big boating community, and almost every house has a dock.  Don and Bev, the homeowners, had heeded the evacuation order before Sandy hit, but they’d only been able to take a few items of clothing with them.  “We lost everything else,” Don recounted, “when we came back all the furniture was ruined, wet and soggy, 2 feet of mud everywhere and everything—kitchen cabinets, carpets, flooring, bathroom fixtures, had to be removed.” Don’s a retired engineer, he and his wife bought the house in ‘72, raised three kids there.  Today, Don’s face is tired, drawn.  They’ve been living with their daughter ever since Sandy, and Bev broke her hip in a fall soon after the storm.  “I just want to get her back home,” Don told us. 

We arrived at a project nearing completion—drywall had been replaced, electrical rewired, and the plumbing was in working order.  The walls were painted and some of the kitchen cabinets were still usable.  Our job was to get the house completely finished--doors needed to be hung and painted, some needed to be framed, doorknobs attached, trim cleaned and painted.  A bathroom needed to be mudded, sanded and painted.  This is the kind of detail work that takes concentration—and time.  I felt the pressure of wanting to finish everything quickly --I wanted Don to be able to bring Bev home.  But as I got started on sinking nails in trim, spackling holes and preparing doors for painting, I knew it would be better if I worked slowly and patiently, versus rushing and having to redo work.

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During the time we worked on Don’s home, he came by every day and talked with our team, and we learned about his family and their experiences during the storm, as well as the maze of insurance, legal, federal and state regulatory stuff that homeowners have to navigate after a disaster like Sandy.  “We walked around for a month after the storm in a daze,” Don said, “no one knew what to do.” Eventually, he was able to get someone to come and clean out the house, remove the drywall and assess the damage.  When insurance money ran out, Don turned to Team New Jersey, a local non-profit, for help.  “I can’t count how many volunteers have been here, working on the house.  Maybe 100 or more,” Don told us, “I didn’t know there were people that do this—that help others like this.”

Sometimes, Don was quiet and reserved, and he seemed exhausted and depressed.  As the week went on and we were finishing, bit by bit and room by room, Don’s spirits also seemed to improve.  When he arrived on Thursday to a house that was really starting to look complete, he was whistling a tune and had a spring in his step.   “Maybe we’ll be able to move back in on Saturday,” he said, hopefully. 

As we left Tom’s River at the end of the week, it was bittersweet.  We had helped Don and Bev, and were happy they would be moving home soon.  But, there’s still so much recovery ahead for New Jersey.  I’m lucky to work for a company that supports volunteer efforts, and I hope I can go back to New Jersey to help again.

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2 Weeks Left to Enter the End-of-Life Care Challenge

Jamie Thomson - April 28th 2013


Partnering with the California HealthCare Foundation to design the End-Of-Life Care challenge has been an eye-opening experience. In the month of April, the conversation around end-of-life care was had by many, from Google to TED, artists and politicians, foodies and physicians. The problem space is riddled with challenges – cultural, financial, medical, legal – and the time to generate ideas is now. Join the conversation by submitting your thoughts on how we might improve communication about our end-of-life wishes.

This challenge is open to anyone in the US. Participation is free, and $10,000 in prizes will be awarded for inspirational solutions. Entries are due Friday, May 10, 2013. Visit the page on hxdconf.com for more details and submission instructions.

All ideas are welcome, and implementation is not required – ongoing projects or full-fledged solutions are great, but so are preliminary concepts or proposals. Submissions will be shared publicly to foster collaboration and inspire the community to continue the conversation around solutions for this important issue.

Looking for inspiration? Here are some things that have been on my radar recently:

National Healthcare Decisions Day – held April 16, this year’s event highlighted the importance of advance care planning.

TEDMED “Welcoming Death Into Life” – a recent conference session including captivating, rapid-fire talks by an opera singer, a pediatric cardiologist, and anthropologist, a Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist, and a food provocateur. The conference also kicked off the Great Challenges Program to foster multidisciplinary dialog about some of the most complex, persistent problems in health and medicine. And guess what? End-of-life care is one of the Great Challenges.

Google’s Inactive Account Manager – a brand new feature to help Google users plan their digital afterlives in a way that protects privacy and security and makes life easier for loved ones.

Death & Design – a collection of works that explore the use of design to change our relationship with death and mortality, curated by The Action Mill.

Mom’s Death And The End of Life Talk – an interview with healthcare journalist Charlie Ornstein about how his personal experience making decisions about his mother’s care shifted his perspective on the healthcare system.

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Give Your Website a Performance Tune-Up

James Christie - April 22nd 2013


Spring has sprung and it's time to start cleaning; your website can benefit from a declutter and tune-up, too.


Web pages have gotten fat. The average page size is now well over a megabyte and still trending upwards. The number of page objects has quintupled since 2003 to over 100. Lots of data and a large number of page object requests equals a bloated, slow-loading experience.

Why is speed important?  Slow-loading web pages hurt your site's credibility, and the minimum "tolerable wait time" is pretty short - between 5 and 8 seconds. Shaving or adding fractions of a second can have a measurable impact on your site traffic and user satisfaction.

Figures shown at O'Reilly's Velocity conference show how even very slight speed increases can have a dramatic impact on retention, conversion and revenue. For instance, Yahoo! found a mere 400millisecond of additional delay resulted in a 9% drop in traffic.

So with performance and speed firmly in mind, now is a good time to give your web site a once-over to find savings that could improve your bottom line. Following are a few common methods to help improve your web site performance, split between content, design, and code concerns.


UX Savings


Tame image carousels
Image carousels are ubiquitous these days, but many are poorly configured and lead to performance problems; specifically, carousels that automatically load all the images mean you take a performance hit for images that might rarely be seen by users. Keep carousel content to only a few images, and only load them when requested by the user, and avoid auto-play.

Avoid image carousels altogether

A typical carousel of 5 images at 600x400px adds 750 kB ~ 1 MB per pages. Furthermore, carousels are of dubious utility (see Jakob Nielsen’s Alert box: "Auto-Forwarding Carousels and Accordions Annoy Users and Reduce Visibility").

Ditching the carousel could give a potential saving per instance of  ~1MB and ~10 HTTP requests. Not convinced? Try taking Brad Frost's Carousel challenge: use analytics to measure engagement with your carousel and try alternatives until you find something that meets your user and business goals but uses less bandwidth.

Avoid auto-play video.

The average length of an internet video is now 3 minutes (websiteoptimization.com, 2007 figures), equal to 3~4 MB per page. For instance, ABCnews.go.com article pages automatically load  6 MB of video as soon as the page appears. When you can, try to make video on-demand, rather than always-on.

Rethink advertisements
Ads might be essential to a site's revenue, but they can be a real drag on performance, and should be considered in cost calculations. A quick glance at today's Boston.com loads 550 kB in ads. There are ways to save: performance-wise, one large advert is generally preferable to many smaller ones. The shift to responsive design has some firms changing from Flash and large bitmap adverts to pure HTML/CSS/JS adverts, which usually have a smaller footprint.

Hide maps until needed
Embedding an interactive map can add 400 kb to the page size. Load maps on demand, and save.

Ease off on Flash
As well as being relatively large files, Flash is processor-intensive and increases PC power-use by 33%.

Share buttons and other plugins

Each social button is backed by Javascript that triggers a number of additional requests and costs more bandwidth. For example, when I turned off Facebook (Like & Share & Facewall), Twitter, Disqus Comment system on my own blog, I saved 64  HTTP requests and 400 kB in bandwidth. Limit the social widgets on your sites to only those that people actually use -, analytics can help you determine what to keep and what to cull. Loading them on demand, or omitting them entirely can also be good options.

Visual savings
By tweaking or changing the design of your site, you’ll start shaving off kilobytes and notice impressive speed gains.

Photo art direction
Mono pictures use a fraction of the data of full-color. If your art direction allows for it, go for it (hint: mono doesn't mean only black and white – color-wash effects can be nice). Applying a selective blur can help, too (idea swiped from Paul Robert Lloyd).

Combining both techniques knocks this 250kb image of a sleepy cat down to 153kb.

Jamesblog_catbw_blur-(1).jpgjamesblog_catcol.jpg

Picture credit: Garrettc, Flickr

Vectors
Vector graphics tend to have smaller file sizes than bitmaps (like JPGs).This SVG picture of Psy is only 38kb and you can scale it to any size without losing quality (note, older browsers may not display SVG graphics properly or at all).

Eliminate cruft
Using a clean, minimalistic aesthetic can be helpful in keeping page size down. The fewer bevels, drop-shadows, and big background images, the lower the VD data overhead (although many of the same effects can be achieved with CSS 3 these days, keeping them data-light).

Further savings

Icon fonts, CSS sprites and drawing in pure CSS3 all bring further savings, especially if your current site uses a lot of icons and small repeating graphics.

Technology cheat sheet
.
There are many things a developer can do to speed up performance of a site. Free tools like Google's PageSpeed Tools will analyze your pages and provide you recommendations.

Common optimization tweaks include:
•    Add "Expires" Header to .htaccess
•    Use a Content Delivery Network
•    Pay attention to code structure and load order
•    Compress downloads using .gzip
•    Cache downloads
•    Minify your CSS and JavaScript
•    Avoid redirects
•    Use Server Side Concatenation to reduce HTTP requests


Making it a habit


Network inspector for designers
Use your browser's network inspector (like the one pictured from Google Chrome) to get the real scoop on what happens when one of your pages loads. Decoding this information can take practice, but once you get the idea areas for improvement and opportunities to save will start jumping out at you. Keep an eye on the "onLoad" figure highlighted - that's the total time it takes the page to load. Once you get in the habit of pointing this handy tool at your own pages, the urge to tweak and optimize may become irresistible.

jamesblog_inspector.png


Hook in analytics (and profit)

As the bevy of compelling stats from conferences like Velocity show, there's gold in them thar Optimization Hills. Every time you make a speed improvement through optimization, check your bounce rate, abandonment rate, conversions and other KPIs to see if there is an appreciable upswing. It may be subtle and you may need expert help
If you can run A/B tests on your pages, you could benchmark multiple versions of your design, varying the data-load for each, and seeing how much of a performance and engagement difference you’ll find. Once you can prove to stakeholders that you are getting optimization gains, surely getting permission to keep
optimizing will be a snap :).

Designing with performance in mind from the outset

In "Responsive design on a budget," creative technologist Mark Perkins outlines a budget-setting approach to data and performance: at the start of each new Responsive Design project, they work out a sensible data limit, then stick to it throughout their process. It becomes a key performance indicator for the project. This works great for responsive projects, and there's no reason not to extend the approach out to all web and app design projects.


Start enjoying the benefits

There are many good reasons to make optimization a habit for your site and organization. Here are two that are less obvious:

Mobile-first nation.

33% of Americans are now "mobile-mostly" or mobile-only, and don't have regular access to desktop broadband. Data-heavy experiences are kryptonite to mobile users; if you don't throttle down, you risk excluding them altogether. If you're starting a new site, you could consider placing the needs of the mobile user first, which forces you to focus on what the user actually needs and serving it to them as efficiently as possible.

Optimized design is more climate friendly

Storing and transmitting data takes electricity, and generating electricity for the most part involves burning fossil fuels, thus contributing to global warming. Consider that the internet's carbon footprint already exceeds 330 Million tons / CO2 a year; by cutting the footprint of your site you are also doing something to arrest climate change.


Conclusion


A site spring-clean might delight your users, help the bottom line, and give you a warm glow of satisfaction. This isn’t intended to be a comprehensive guide: once you start optimizing in earnest, you’ll find many more ways to save.

Happy cleaning!

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